BOPortrait comingOfficial portrait of Barack Obama
44th president of the United States · 2009–2017

Barack Obama

DemocraticVice president: Joe BidenCompleted two terms

Took office in the worst recession since the 1930s, passed the Affordable Care Act and Dodd–Frank, and ordered the raid that killed Osama bin Laden. The debt nearly doubled as recession spending and lower tax revenue pushed deficits past $1 trillion a year.

Debt added
+$9.32trillion
$10.63 trillion → $19.95 trillion (+88%)
Debt-to-GDP, latest
105%
FY2008: 68% → FY2016: 105%
Unemployment
4.7%
Jan 2009: 7.8% → Jan 2017: 4.7%
Average inflation
1.4%a year
2008–2016: 1.4% a year
Executive orders
277
About 35 a year in office
Pardons & commutations
1,927
212 pardons · 1,715 commutations
Impeached
No
No · Convicted of a crime: No

The economy, first day to last

Shaded areas show the years in office, with a few years before and after for comparison. Budget years run October to September, so a new president's first budget year starts the fall after they take office.

National debt

Jan 20, 2009: $10.63 trillion → Jan 20, 2017: $19.95 trillion

Debt compared with the economy

Debt as a share of GDP. Above 100% means the debt is bigger than a year of everything the country produces.

Deficits and surpluses

Money borrowed each budget year (below the line) or paid down (above).

DeficitSurplus

Unemployment

Jan 2009: 7.8% → Jan 2017: 4.7%. Monthly rates; the chart shows yearly averages.

Inflation

How much prices rose each year (consumer price index).

Cost of living

What everyday prices and paychecks did while in office.

What cost $100 in 2008$111.48 in 2016
Federal minimum wage, 2009 → 2017$6.55 → $7.25

Prices use the consumer price index (MeasuringWorth). The minimum wage is the federal rate set by Congress.

Executive orders

277 orders, numbered 13489–13764.

Orders signed each year

Source: Federal Register: Obama executive orders (full list of every order).

Notable orders

Ending 'enhanced interrogation'EO 13491January 22, 2009

Limited all interrogations to Army Field Manual techniques, ending the CIA program that used waterboarding.

Federal Register
Closing Guantanamo BayEO 13492January 22, 2009

Ordered the detention camp closed within a year. Congress blocked transfers and it was never closed.

Federal Register
Classified national security informationEO 13526December 29, 2009

Rewrote the classification system and created a national declassification center.

Federal Register
Abortion funding and the ACAEO 13535March 24, 2010

Kept the long-standing ban on federal funds for abortion under the new health law; part of the deal that passed it.

Federal Register
$10.10 minimum wage for federal contractorsEO 13658February 12, 2014

Raised the minimum wage for workers on new federal contracts, indexed to inflation.

Federal Register
LGBT protections for federal contractorsEO 13672July 21, 2014

Banned federal contractors from discriminating based on sexual orientation or gender identity.

Federal Register
Every executive order 276Search, filter by topic or year, and open any order's full text
  1. EO 13489January 21, 2009Presidential Records
  2. EO 13490January 21, 2009Ethics Commitments by Executive Branch PersonnelSuperseded
  3. EO 13491January 22, 2009Ensuring Lawful Interrogations
  4. EO 13492January 22, 2009Review and Disposition of Individuals Detained at the Guantánamo Bay Naval Base and Closure of Detention FacilitiesRevoked
  5. EO 13493January 22, 2009Review of Detention Policy Options
  6. EO 13494January 30, 2009Economy in Government ContractingAmended
  7. EO 13495January 30, 2009Nondisplacement of Qualified Workers Under Service ContractsRevoked
  8. EO 13496January 30, 2009Notification of Employee Rights Under Federal Labor Laws
  9. EO 13497January 30, 2009Revocation of Certain Executive Orders Concerning Regulatory Planning and Review
  10. EO 13498February 5, 2009Amendments to Executive Order 13199 and Establishment of the President's Advisory Council for Faith-Based and Neighborhood PartnershipsRevoked
  11. EO 13499February 5, 2009Further Amendments to Executive Order 12835, Establishment of the National Economic Council
  12. EO 13500February 5, 2009Further Amendments to Executive Order 12859, Establishment of the Domestic Policy Council
  13. EO 13501February 6, 2009Establishing the President's Economic Recovery Advisory BoardRevoked
  14. EO 13502February 6, 2009Use of Project Labor Agreements for Federal Construction ProjectsRevoked
  15. EO 13503February 19, 2009Establishment of the White House Office of Urban Affairs
  16. EO 13504February 20, 2009Amending Executive Order 13390
  17. EO 13505March 9, 2009Removing Barriers to Responsible Scientific Research Involving Human Stem Cells
  18. EO 13506March 11, 2009Establishing a White House Council on Women and Girls
  19. EO 13507April 8, 2009Establishment of the White House Office of Health ReformRevoked
  20. EO 13508May 12, 2009Chesapeake Bay Protection and RestorationRevoked
  21. EO 13509June 23, 2009Establishing a White House Council on Automotive Communities and WorkersRevoked
  22. EO 13510July 1, 2009Waiver Under the Trade Act of 1974 With Respect to the Republic of Belarus
  23. EO 13511September 29, 2009Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory CommitteesSuperseded
  24. EO 13512September 29, 2009Amending Executive Order 13390
  25. EO 13513October 1, 2009Federal Leadership on Reducing Text Messaging While Driving
  26. EO 13514October 5, 2009Federal Leadership in Environmental, Energy, and Economic PerformanceRevoked
  27. EO 13515October 14, 2009Increasing Participation of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in Federal ProgramsSuperseded
  28. EO 13516October 28, 2009Amending Executive Order 13462
  29. EO 13517October 30, 2009Amendments to Executive Orders 13183 and 13494
  30. EO 13518November 9, 2009Employment of Veterans in the Federal Government
  31. EO 13519November 17, 2009Establishment of the Financial Fraud Enforcement Task ForceRevoked
  32. EO 13520November 20, 2009Reducing Improper Payments
  33. EO 13521November 24, 2009Establishing the Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues
  34. EO 13522December 9, 2009Creating Labor-Management Forums To Improve Delivery of Government ServicesRevoked
  35. EO 13523December 11, 2009Half-Day Closing of Executive Departments and Agencies on Thursday, December 24, 2009
  36. EO 13524December 16, 2009Amending Executive Order 12425 Designating Interpol as a Public International Organization Entitled To Enjoy Certain Privileges, Exemptions, and Immunities
  37. EO 13525December 23, 2009Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
  38. EO 13526December 29, 2009Classified National Security Information
  39. EO 13527December 30, 2009Establishing Federal Capability for the Timely Provision of Medical Countermeasures Following a Biological Attack
  40. EO 13528January 11, 2010Establishment of the Council of Governors
  41. EO 13529January 16, 2010Ordering the Selected Reserve and Certain Individual Ready Reserve Members of the Armed Forces to Active Duty
  42. EO 13530January 29, 2010President's Advisory Council on Financial CapabilityAmended
  43. EO 13531February 18, 2010National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform
  44. EO 13532February 26, 2010Promoting Excellence, Innovation, and Sustainability at Historically Black Colleges and UniversitiesRevoked
  45. EO 13533March 1, 2010Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of DefenseRevoked
  46. EO 13534March 11, 2010National Export Initiative
  47. EO 13535March 24, 2010Ensuring Enforcement and Implementation of Abortion Restrictions in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
  48. EO 13536April 12, 2010Blocking Property of Certain Persons Contributing to the Conflict in Somalia
  49. EO 13537April 14, 2010Interagency Group on Insular Affairs
  50. EO 13538April 19, 2010Establishing the President's Management Advisory BoardAmended
  51. EO 13539April 21, 2010President's Council of Advisors on Science and TechnologyRevoked
  52. EO 13540April 26, 2010Interagency Task Force on Veterans Small Business Development
  53. EO 13541May 7, 2010Temporary Organization To Facilitate a Strategic Partnership With the Republic of Iraq
  54. EO 13542May 13, 2010Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of AgricultureRevoked
  55. EO 13543May 21, 2010National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling
  56. EO 13544June 10, 2010Establishing the National Prevention, Health Promotion, and Public Health Council
  57. EO 13545June 22, 2010President's Council on Fitness, Sports, and NutritionRevoked
  58. EO 13546July 2, 2010Optimizing the Security of Biological Select Agents and Toxins in the United States
  59. EO 13547July 19, 2010Stewardship of the Ocean, Our Coasts, and the Great Lakes
  60. EO 13548July 26, 2010Increasing Federal Employment of Individuals With Disabilities
  61. EO 13549August 18, 2010Classified National Security Information Program for State, Local, Tribal, and Private Sector Entities
  62. EO 13550August 18, 2010Establishment of Pakistan and Afghanistan Support Office
  63. EO 13551August 30, 2010Blocking Property of Certain Persons With Respect to North Korea
  64. EO 13552August 31, 20102010 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
  65. EO 13553September 28, 2010Blocking Property of Certain Persons With Respect to Serious Human Rights Abuses by the Government of Iran and Taking Certain Other Actions
  66. EO 13554October 5, 2010Establishing the Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Task Force
  67. EO 13555October 19, 2010White House Initiative on Educational Excellence for HispanicsSuperseded
  68. EO 13556November 4, 2010Controlled Unclassified Information
  69. EO 13557November 4, 2010Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of JusticeRevoked
  70. EO 13558November 9, 2010Export Enforcement Coordination Center
  71. EO 13559November 17, 2010Fundamental Principles and Policymaking Criteria for Partnerships With Faith-Based and Other Neighborhood Organizations
  72. EO 13560December 14, 2010White House Council for Community SolutionsSuperseded
  73. EO 13561December 22, 2010Adjustments of Certain Rates of PaySuperseded
  74. EO 13562December 27, 2010Recruiting and Hiring Students and Recent GraduatesAmended
  75. EO 13563January 18, 2011Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review
  76. EO 13564January 31, 2011Establishment of the President's Council on Jobs and Competitiveness
  77. EO 13565February 8, 2011Establishment of the Intellectual Property Enforcement Advisory Committees
  78. EO 13566February 25, 2011Blocking Property and Prohibiting Certain Transactions Related to Libya
  79. EO 13567March 7, 2011Periodic Review of Individuals Detained at Guantanamo Bay Naval Station Pursuant to the Authorization for Use of Military Force
  80. EO 13568March 8, 2011Extending Provisions of the International Organizations Immunities Act to the Office of the High Representative in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the International Civilian Office in Kosovo
  81. EO 13569April 5, 2011Amendments to Executive Orders 12824, 12835, 12859, and 13532, Reestablishment Pursuant to Executive Order 13498, and Revocation of Executive Order 13507
  82. EO 13570April 18, 2011Prohibiting Certain Transactions With Respect to North Korea
  83. EO 13571April 27, 2011Streamlining Service Delivery and Improving Customer Service
  84. EO 13572April 29, 2011Blocking Property of Certain Persons With Respect to Human Rights Abuses in SyriaRevoked
  85. EO 13573May 18, 2011Blocking Property of Senior Officials of the Government of SyriaRevoked
  86. EO 13574May 23, 2011Authorizing the Implementation of Certain Sanctions Set Forth in the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as AmendedRevoked
  87. EO 13575June 9, 2011Establishment of the White House Rural CouncilRevoked
  88. EO 13576June 13, 2011Delivering an Efficient, Effective, and Accountable Government
  89. EO 13577June 15, 2011Establishment of the SelectUSA Initiative
  90. EO 13578July 6, 2011Coordinating Policies on Automotive Communities and Workers
  91. EO 13579July 11, 2011Regulation and Independent Regulatory Agencies
  92. EO 13580July 12, 2011Interagency Working Group on Coordination of Domestic Energy Development and Permitting in Alaska
  93. EO 13581July 24, 2011Blocking Property of Transnational Criminal OrganizationsAmended
  94. EO 13582August 17, 2011Blocking Property of the Government of Syria and Prohibiting Certain Transactions With Respect to SyriaRevoked
  95. EO 13583August 18, 2011Establishing a Coordinated Government-Wide Initiative To Promote Diversity and Inclusion in the Federal WorkforceRevoked
  96. EO 13584September 9, 2011Developing an Integrated Strategic Counterterrorism Communications Initiative and Establishing a Temporary Organization To Support Certain Government-Wide Communications Activities Directed AbroadRevoked
  97. EO 13585September 30, 2011Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory CommitteesRevoked
  98. EO 13586October 6, 2011Establishing an Emergency Board To Investigate Disputes Between Certain Railroads Represented by the National Carriers' Conference Committee of the National Railway Labor Conference and Their Employees Represented by Certain Labor Organizations
  99. EO 13587October 7, 2011Structural Reforms To Improve the Security of Classified Networks and the Responsible Sharing and Safeguarding of Classified Information
  100. EO 13588October 31, 2011Reducing Prescription Drug Shortages
  101. EO 13589November 9, 2011Promoting Efficient Spending
  102. EO 13590November 20, 2011Authorizing the Imposition of Certain Sanctions With Respect to the Provision of Goods, Services, Technology, or Support for Iran's Energy and Petrochemical SectorsRevoked
  103. EO 13591November 23, 2011Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory CommitteesPartially superseded
  104. EO 13592December 2, 2011Improving American Indian and Alaska Native Educational Opportunities and Strengthening Tribal Colleges and UniversitiesSuperseded
  105. EO 13593December 13, 20112011 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
  106. EO 13594December 19, 2011Adjustments of Certain Rates of PaySuperseded
  107. EO 13595December 19, 2011Instituting a National Action Plan on Women, Peace, and Security
  108. EO 13596December 19, 2011Amendments to Executive Orders 12131 and 13539
  109. EO 13597January 19, 2012Establishing Visa and Foreign Visitor Processing Goals and the Task Force on Travel and CompetitivenessAmended
  110. EO 13598January 27, 2012Assignment of Functions Relating to Certain Promotion and Appointment Actions in the Armed Forces
  111. EO 13599February 5, 2012Blocking Property of the Government of Iran and Iranian Financial Institutions
  112. EO 13600February 9, 2012Establishing the President's Global Development CouncilAmended
  113. EO 13601February 28, 2012Establishment of the Interagency Trade Enforcement Center
  114. EO 13602March 15, 2012Establishing a White House Council on Strong Cities, Strong CommunitiesRevoked
  115. EO 13603March 16, 2012National Defense Resources PreparednessAmended
  116. EO 13604March 22, 2012Improving Performance of Federal Permitting and Review of Infrastructure Projects
  117. EO 13605April 13, 2012Supporting Safe and Responsible Development of Unconventional Domestic Natural Gas Resources
  118. EO 13606April 22, 2012Blocking the Property and Suspending Entry into the United States of Certain Persons With Respect to Grave Human Rights Abuses by the Governments of Iran and Syria Via Information TechnologyAmended
  119. EO 13607April 27, 2012Establishing Principles of Excellence for Educational Institutions Serving Service Members, Veterans, Spouses, and Other Family Members
  120. EO 13608May 1, 2012Prohibiting Certain Transactions With and Suspending Entry Into the United States of Foreign Sanctions Evaders With Respect to Iran and Syria
  121. EO 13609May 1, 2012Promoting International Regulatory Cooperation
  122. EO 13610May 10, 2012Identifying and Reducing Regulatory Burdens
  123. EO 13611May 16, 2012Blocking Property of Persons Threatening the Peace, Security, or Stability of Yemen
  124. EO 13612May 21, 2012Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of AgricultureRevoked
  125. EO 13613May 21, 2012Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of Commerce
  126. EO 13614May 21, 2012Providing an Order of Succession Within the Environmental Protection Agency
  127. EO 13615May 21, 2012Providing an Order of Succession Within the Office of Management and BudgetRevoked
  128. EO 13616June 14, 2012Accelerating Broadband Infrastructure Deployment
  129. EO 13617June 25, 2012Blocking Property of the Government of the Russian Federation Relating to the Disposition of Highly Enriched Uranium Extracted From Nuclear WeaponsRevoked
  130. EO 13618July 6, 2012Assignment of National Security and Emergency Preparedness Communications FunctionsAmended
  131. EO 13619July 11, 2012Blocking Property of Persons Threatening the Peace, Security, or Stabilization of BurmaRevoked
  132. EO 13620July 20, 2012Taking Additional Steps To Address the National Emergency With Respect to Somalia
  133. EO 13621July 26, 2012White House Initiative on Educational Excellence for African AmericansSuperseded
  134. EO 13622July 30, 2012Authorizing Additional Sanctions With Respect to IranRevoked
  135. EO 13623August 10, 2012Preventing and Responding to Violence Against Women and Girls Globally
  136. EO 13624August 30, 2012Accelerating Investment in Industrial Energy Efficiency
  137. EO 13625August 31, 2012Improving Access to Mental Health Services for Veterans, Service Members, and Military Families
  138. EO 13626September 10, 2012Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration
  139. EO 13627September 25, 2012Strengthening Protections Against Trafficking in Persons in Federal Contracts
  140. EO 13628October 9, 2012Authorizing the Implementation of Certain Sanctions Set Forth in the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012 and Additional Sanctions With Respect to IranSuperseded
  141. EO 13629October 26, 2012Establishing the White House Homeland Security Partnership Council
  142. EO 13630December 6, 2012Establishment of an Interagency Task Force on Commercial Advocacy
  143. EO 13631December 7, 2012Reestablishment of Advisory Group
  144. EO 13632December 7, 2012Establishing the Hurricane Sandy Rebuilding Task Force
  145. EO 13633December 21, 2012Closing of Executive Departments and Agencies of the Federal Government on Monday, December 24, 2012
  146. EO 13634December 21, 2012Reestablishment of Advisory Commission
  147. EO 13635December 27, 2012Adjustments of Certain Rates of PaySuperseded
  148. EO 13636February 12, 2013Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity
  149. EO 13637March 8, 2013Administration of Reformed Export ControlsAmended
  150. EO 13638March 15, 2013Amendments to Executive Order 12777
  151. EO 13639March 28, 2013Establishment of the Presidential Commission on Election Administration
  152. EO 13640April 5, 2013Continuance of Advisory Council
  153. EO 13641April 5, 2013Adjustment of Certain Rates of PaySuperseded
  154. EO 13642May 9, 2013Making Open and Machine Readable the New Default for Government Information
  155. EO 13643May 15, 20132013 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
  156. EO 13644May 21, 2013Amendment to Executive Order 13639
  157. EO 13645June 3, 2013Authorizing the Implementation of Certain Sanctions Set Forth in the Iran Freedom and Counter-Proliferation Act of 2012 and Additional Sanctions With Respect to IranRevoked
  158. EO 13646June 25, 2013Establishing the President's Advisory Council on Financial Capability for Young Americans
  159. EO 13647June 26, 2013Establishing the White House Council on Native American Affairs
  160. EO 13648July 1, 2013Combating Wildlife Trafficking
  161. EO 13649July 15, 2013Accelerating Improvements in HIV Prevention and Care in the United States Through the HIV Care Initiative
  162. EO 13650August 1, 2013Improving Chemical Facility Safety and Security
  163. EO 13651August 6, 2013Prohibiting Certain Imports of Burmese Jadeite and Rubies
  164. EO 13652September 30, 2013Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory CommitteesPartially superseded
  165. EO 13653November 1, 2013Preparing the United States for the Impacts of Climate ChangeRevoked
  166. EO 13654November 21, 2013Establishing an Emergency Board To Investigate Disputes Between the Long Island Rail Road Company and Certain of its Employees Represented by Certain Labor Organizations
  167. EO 13655December 23, 2013Adjustments of Certain Rates of PaySuperseded
  168. EO 13656January 17, 2014Establishment of the Afghanistan and Pakistan Strategic Partnership Office and Amendment to Executive Order 12163
  169. EO 13657February 10, 2014Changing the Name of the National Security Staff to the National Security Council Staff
  170. EO 13658February 12, 2014Establishing a Minimum Wage for ContractorsSuperseded
  171. EO 13659February 19, 2014Streamlining the Export/Import Process for America's Businesses
  172. EO 13660March 6, 2014Blocking Property of Certain Persons Contributing to the Situation in Ukraine
  173. EO 13661March 16, 2014Blocking Property of Additional Persons Contributing to the Situation in Ukraine
  174. EO 13662March 20, 2014Blocking Property of Additional Persons Contributing to the Situation in Ukraine
  175. EO 13663March 20, 2014Establishing an Emergency Board To Investigate Disputes Between the Long Island Rail Road Company and Certain of Its Employees Represented by Certain Labor Organizations
  176. EO 13664April 3, 2014Blocking Property of Certain Persons With Respect to South Sudan
  177. EO 13665April 8, 2014Non-Retaliation for Disclosure of Compensation Information
  178. EO 13666April 18, 2014Expanding Eligibility for the Defense Meritorious Service Medal
  179. EO 13667May 12, 2014Blocking Property of Certain Persons Contributing to the Conflict in the Central African Republic
  180. EO 13668May 27, 2014Ending Immunities Granted to the Development Fund for Iraq and Certain Other Iraqi Property and Interests in Property Pursuant to Executive Order 13303, as Amended
  181. EO 13669June 13, 20142014 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
  182. EO 13670June 14, 2014Establishing an Emergency Board To Investigate Disputes Between the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority and Certain of Its Employees Represented by Certain Labor Organizations
  183. EO 13671July 8, 2014Taking Additional Steps To Address the National Emergency With Respect to the Conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
  184. EO 13672July 21, 2014Further Amendments to Executive Order 11478, Equal Employment Opportunity in the Federal Government, and Executive Order 11246, Equal Employment OpportunityRevoked
  185. EO 13673July 31, 2014Fair Pay and Safe WorkplacesRevoked
  186. EO 13674July 31, 2014Revised List of Quarantinable Communicable Diseases
  187. EO 13675August 5, 2014Establishing the President's Advisory Council on Doing Business in AfricaAmended
  188. EO 13676September 18, 2014Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
  189. EO 13677September 23, 2014Climate-Resilient International DevelopmentAmended
  190. EO 13678October 3, 2014Conversion Authority for Criminal Investigators (Special Agents) of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives
  191. EO 13679October 10, 2014Establishing an Emergency Board To Investigate a Dispute Between the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority and Its Locomotive Engineers Represented by the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and Trainmen
  192. EO 13680October 16, 2014Ordering the Selected Reserve and Certain Individual Ready Reserve Members of the Armed Forces to Active Duty
  193. EO 13681October 17, 2014Improving the Security of Consumer Financial Transactions
  194. EO 13682December 5, 2014Closing of Executive Departments and Agencies of the Federal Government on Friday, December 26, 2014
  195. EO 13683December 11, 2014Further Amendments to Executive Order 11030, Executive Order 13653, and Executive Order 13673Partially revoked
  196. EO 13684December 18, 2014Establishment of the President's Task Force on 21st Century Policing
  197. EO 13685December 19, 2014Blocking Property of Certain Persons and Prohibiting Certain Transactions With Respect to the Crimea Region of Ukraine
  198. EO 13686December 19, 2014Adjustments of Certain Rates of PaySuperseded
  199. EO 13687January 2, 2015Imposing Additional Sanctions With Respect to North Korea
  200. EO 13688January 16, 2015Federal Support for Local Law Enforcement Equipment AcquisitionRevoked
  201. EO 13689January 21, 2015Enhancing Coordination of National Efforts in the Arctic
  202. EO 13690January 30, 2015Establishing a Federal Flood Risk Management Standard and a Process for Further Soliciting and Considering Stakeholder InputReinstated
  203. EO 13691February 13, 2015Promoting Private Sector Cybersecurity Information Sharing
  204. EO 13692March 8, 2015Blocking Property and Suspending Entry of Certain Persons Contributing to the Situation in Venezuela
  205. EO 13693March 19, 2015Planning for Federal Sustainability in the Next DecadeRevoked
  206. EO 13694April 1, 2015Blocking the Property of Certain Persons Engaging in Significant Malicious Cyber-Enabled ActivitiesAmended
  207. EO 13695May 26, 2015Termination of Emergency With Respect to the Risk of Nuclear Proliferation Created by the Accumulation of a Large Volume of Weapons-Usable Fissile Material in the Territory of the Russian Federation
  208. EO 13696June 17, 20152015 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
  209. EO 13697June 22, 2015Amendment to Executive Order 11155, Awards for Special Capability in Career and Technical Education
  210. EO 13698June 24, 2015Hostage Recovery Activities
  211. EO 13699June 26, 2015Establishing the Advisory Board on Toxic Substances and Worker Health
  212. EO 13700July 15, 2015Establishing an Emergency Board To Investigate Disputes Between New Jersey Transit Rail and Certain of Its Employees Represented by Certain Labor Organizations
  213. EO 13701July 17, 2015Delegation of Certain Authorities and Assignment of Certain Functions Under the Bipartisan Congressional Trade Priorities and Accountability Act of 2015
  214. EO 13702July 29, 2015Creating a National Strategic Computing Initiative
  215. EO 13703July 30, 2015Implementing the National HIV/AIDS Strategy for the United States for 2015-2020
  216. EO 13704August 17, 2015Presidential Innovation Fellows Program
  217. EO 13705September 3, 2015Designating the International Renewable Energy Agency as a Public International Organization Entitled To Enjoy Certain Privileges, Exemptions, and Immunities
  218. EO 13706September 7, 2015Establishing Paid Sick Leave for Federal Contractors
  219. EO 13707September 15, 2015Using Behavioral Science Insights To Better Serve the American People
  220. EO 13708September 30, 2015Continuance or Reestablishment of Certain Federal Advisory CommitteesRevoked
  221. EO 13709October 2, 2015National Security Medal
  222. EO 13710November 12, 2015Termination of Emergency With Respect to the Actions and Policies of Former Liberian President Charles Taylor
  223. EO 13711November 12, 2015Establishing an Emergency Board To Investigate Disputes Between New Jersey Transit Rail and Certain of Its Employees Represented by Certain Labor Organizations
  224. EO 13712November 22, 2015Blocking Property of Certain Persons Contributing to the Situation in BurundiRevoked
  225. EO 13713December 11, 2015Half-Day Closing of Executive Departments and Agencies of the Federal Government on Thursday, December 24, 2015
  226. EO 13714December 15, 2015Strengthening the Senior Executive Service
  227. EO 13715December 18, 2015Adjustments of Certain Rates of PaySuperseded
  228. EO 13716January 16, 2016Revocation of Executive Orders 13574, 13590, 13622, and 13645 With Respect to Iran, Amendment of Executive Order 13628 With Respect to Iran, and Provision of Implementation Authorities for Aspects of Certain Statutory Sanctions Outside the Scope of U.S. Commitments Under the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action of July 14, 2015Superseded
  229. EO 13717February 2, 2016Establishing a Federal Earthquake Risk Management Standard
  230. EO 13718February 9, 2016Commission on Enhancing National Cybersecurity
  231. EO 13719February 9, 2016Establishment of the Federal Privacy Council
  232. EO 13720February 26, 2016Delegation of Certain Authorities and Assignment of Certain Functions under the Trade Preferences Extension Act of 2015
  233. EO 13721March 14, 2016Developing an Integrated Global Engagement Center To Support Government-wide Counterterrorism Communications Activities Directed Abroad and Revoking Executive Order 13584
  234. EO 13722March 15, 2016Blocking Property of the Government of North Korea and the Workers' Party of Korea, and Prohibiting Certain Transactions With Respect to North Korea
  235. EO 13723March 30, 2016Establishing the Inherent Resolve Campaign Medal
  236. EO 13724April 8, 2016Amending Executive Order 12137
  237. EO 13725April 15, 2016Steps To Increase Competition and Better Inform Consumers and Workers To Support Continued Growth of the American Economy
  238. EO 13726April 19, 2016Blocking Property and Suspending Entry Into the United States of Persons Contributing to the Situation in Libya
  239. EO 13727May 6, 2016Facilitation of a Presidential Transition
  240. EO 13728May 18, 2016Wildland-Urban Interface Federal Risk Mitigation
  241. EO 13729May 18, 2016A Comprehensive Approach to Atrocity Prevention and Response
  242. EO 13730May 20, 20162016 Amendments to the Manual for Courts Martial, United States
  243. EO 13731June 24, 2016Global Entrepreneurship
  244. EO 13732July 1, 2016United States Policy on Pre- and Post-Strike Measures to Address Civilian Casualties in U.S. Operations Involving the Use of ForceAmended
  245. EO 13733July 22, 2016Delegation of Certain Authorities and Assignment of Certain Functions Under the Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015
  246. EO 13734August 3, 2016Amending Executive Order 13675 To Expand Membership on the President's Advisory Council on Doing Business in Africa
  247. EO 13735August 12, 2016Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of the TreasuryRevoked
  248. EO 13736August 12, 2016Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of Veterans Affairs
  249. EO 13737August 12, 2016Providing an Order of Succession Within the Environmental Protection AgencyRevoked
  250. EO 13738August 23, 2016Amendment to Executive Order 13673Revoked
  251. EO 13739September 14, 2016Termination of Emergency With Respect to the Situation in or in Relation to Côte d'Ivoire
  252. EO 13740September 16, 20162016 Amendments to the Manual for Courts Martial, United States
  253. EO 13741September 29, 2016Amending Executive Order 13467 To Establish the Roles and Responsibilities of the National Background Investigations Bureau and Related Matters
  254. EO 13742October 7, 2016Termination of Emergency With Respect to the Actions and Policies of the Government of Burma
  255. EO 13743October 13, 2016Charitable Fundraising
  256. EO 13744October 13, 2016Coordinating Efforts To Prepare the Nation for Space Weather Events
  257. EO 13745October 31, 2016Delegation of Function to the Director of the Office of Personnel Management
  258. EO 13746November 3, 2016Advancing the Goals of the Power Africa Initiative to Expand Access to Electricity in Sub-Saharan Africa Through the Establishment of the President's Power Africa Working Group
  259. EO 13747November 4, 2016Advancing the Global Health Security Agenda to Achieve a World Safe and Secure From Infectious Disease Threats
  260. EO 13748November 16, 2016Establishing a Community Solutions Council
  261. EO 13749November 29, 2016Providing for the Appointment in the Competitive Service of Certain Employees of the Foreign Service
  262. EO 13750November 29, 2016Providing for the Appointment of Alumni of the Fulbright U.S. Student Program, the Benjamin A. Gilman International Scholarship Program, and the Critical Language Scholarship Program to the Competitive Service
  263. EO 13751December 5, 2016Safeguarding the Nation From the Impacts of Invasive Species
  264. EO 13752December 8, 2016Relating to the Implementation of the Convention on the International Recovery of Child Support and Other Forms of Family Maintenance
  265. EO 13753December 9, 2016Amending the Order of Succession in the Department of Homeland SecurityRevoked
  266. EO 13754December 9, 2016Northern Bering Sea Climate ResilienceRevoked
  267. EO 13755December 23, 2016Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of Labor
  268. EO 13756December 27, 2016Adjustments of Certain Rates of PaySuperseded
  269. EO 13757December 28, 2016Taking Additional Steps To Address the National Emergency With Respect to Significant Malicious Cyber-Enabled Activities
  270. EO 13758January 12, 2017Amending Executive Order 11016 to Update Eligibility Criteria for Award of the Purple Heart
  271. EO 13759January 12, 2017Designating the World Organisation for Animal Health as a Public International Organization Entitled To Enjoy Certain Privileges, Exemptions, and Immunities
  272. EO 13760January 12, 2017Exclusions from the Federal Labor-Management Relations Program
  273. EO 13761January 13, 2017Recognizing Positive Actions by the Government of Sudan and Providing for the Revocation of Certain Sudan-Related SanctionsAmended
  274. EO 13762January 13, 2017Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of JusticeRevoked
  275. EO 13763January 13, 2017Providing an Order of Succession Within the Environmental Protection AgencyRevoked
  276. EO 13764January 17, 2017Amending the Civil Service Rules, Executive Order 13488, and Executive Order 13467 To Modernize the Executive Branch-Wide Governance Structure and Processes for Security Clearances, Suitability and Fitness for Employment, and Credentialing, and Related Matters

Source: Executive Orders Archive, compiled from the American Presidency Project and the Federal Register. Topics are the archive's automated tags; "Revoked" and similar labels come from the Federal Register's records.

Pardons and commutations

A pardon wipes out the punishment for a federal crime; a commutation shortens a sentence but leaves the conviction. Counts are by federal fiscal year. Most commutations came through a program for nonviolent drug offenders serving long sentences under older laws.

Granted each year

PardonsCommutations

Source: U.S. Dept. of Justice, clemency statistics, which lists every recipient with the crime and sentence.

Notable grants: tap to see the crime

Clemency Initiative (1,700+ people)Commutation2014-2017

The crime: Mostly nonviolent federal drug offenses

Sentence: Long mandatory minimums, many life sentences, under laws later reduced

Why it drew attention: The largest use of commutations by any president. Supporters called it correcting unfair sentences; critics said it bypassed Congress.

Source
Chelsea ManningCommutationJanuary 17, 2017

The crime: Espionage Act and other violations for leaking about 750,000 classified military and diplomatic documents to WikiLeaks

Sentence: 35 years; about 7 served

Why it drew attention: Supporters cited her treatment in custody and the sentence's length; critics said it excused a major leak.

Source
Oscar López RiveraCommutationJanuary 17, 2017

The crime: Seditious conspiracy and other charges, as a leader of the FALN, a Puerto Rican nationalist group behind dozens of bombings

Sentence: 70 years; about 35 served

Why it drew attention: Supported by many Puerto Rican leaders; opposed by victims' families.

Source
James CartwrightPardonJanuary 17, 2017

The crime: Lying to the FBI about talking to reporters about the Stuxnet cyberattack on Iran (pleaded guilty 2016)

Sentence: Before sentencing

Why it drew attention: A retired four-star general and former vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs.

Source
Willie McCoveyPardonJanuary 17, 2017

The crime: Tax evasion (pleaded guilty 1995)

Sentence: Two years' probation

Why it drew attention: Hall of Fame baseball player.

Source

Controversies and scandals

What happened, what was proven, and how it ended.

Proven convicted, admitted or confirmed by a court or official investigationCharged indicted or impeached (outcome stated)Disputed facts established, whether it was wrong is debatedAlleged reported but never established
IRS targeting of conservative groupsProven2010–2013

The IRS gave extra scrutiny to groups with 'Tea Party' or 'patriot' in their names when they applied for tax-exempt status.

Outcome: Inspector general confirmed it; the IRS apologized and settled lawsuits in 2017; no criminal charges.

Source
'Fast and Furious' gun-walkingProven2009–2011

A federal ATF operation let about 2,000 guns reach Mexican cartels in order to track them. Two were found where Border Patrol agent Brian Terry was killed.

Outcome: The inspector general faulted 14 officials; the attorney general was held in contempt of Congress.

Source
Veterans Affairs wait-time cover-upProven2014

VA hospitals kept secret waiting lists to hide long delays for care; some veterans died waiting.

Outcome: The VA secretary resigned; Congress passed a reform law.

Source
Seizing reporters' phone recordsProven2013

In leak investigations, the Justice Department secretly obtained Associated Press phone records and named a Fox News reporter as a possible co-conspirator in a search warrant.

Outcome: New Justice Department rules on media subpoenas.

Source
Benghazi attackDisputed2012–2016

Four Americans, including the U.S. ambassador, were killed at U.S. facilities in Libya. Critics said security was inadequate and the administration's first explanation was misleading.

Outcome: Eight congressional investigations found security failures; none found intentional wrongdoing by senior officials.

Source
Mass surveillance revealedProven2013

Leaks by Edward Snowden showed the NSA was collecting records of nearly all Americans' phone calls.

Outcome: A federal appeals court later ruled the program unlawful; Congress ended bulk collection in 2015.

Source
Drone strike killing a U.S. citizenDisputed2011

A U.S. strike in Yemen killed Anwar al-Awlaki, an American citizen and al-Qaeda leader, without a trial.

Outcome: Justified by a secret Justice Department memo later made public.

Source
Hillary Clinton's private email serverProven2009–2016

His secretary of state used a private email server, including for some classified information.

Outcome: The FBI called it 'extremely careless' but recommended no charges (2016).

Source

In their own words

Widely quoted remarks, with the context they were said in.

If you like your health care plan, you can keep it.

2009–2013 · Repeated while selling the ACA; millions of plans were later canceled. Named PolitiFact's 2013 'Lie of the Year'. Source

I've got a pen and I've got a phone.

January 14, 2014 · On acting without Congress through executive actions. Source

A red line for us is we start seeing a whole bunch of chemical weapons moving around or being utilized.

August 20, 2012 · On Syria. When Syria used chemical weapons in 2013, he did not strike. Source
How this page is made. Every president gets the same sections and the same checklist. A controversy is listed if it led to an investigation by Congress, an inspector general, a special or independent counsel or a court, or was a sustained national story covered across the political spectrum. Labels follow the strongest official finding, not media coverage. Debt figures come from the U.S. Treasury; deficits and GDP from the White House budget office and the Commerce Department; unemployment from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (before 1948, yearly estimates by Stanley Lebergott via NBER and the Census Bureau's Historical Statistics); prices from MeasuringWorth; executive orders from the Federal Register and National Archives; clemency from the Justice Department.